The International Space Station (ISS) said on the eve of the fifteenth anniversary since both its astronauts climbed aboard for the first time – the Russians Sergei Krikalev and Yuri Gidzenko and American William Sheppard. It was the first long-duration mission on the ISS, according to website Roscosmos.
The Russian manned spacecraft “Soyuz TM-31″ with astronauts was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome on 31 October 2000, and docked with the ISS on November 2. The crew worked at the station 140 full days, beginning a new stage in the work of the ISS and in the history of space exploration, reminiscent of the Office.
Today, in orbit has been working for the 45th expedition of which also have the Americans and the Russians and one Japanese. Six members of the current mission given to the press conference from space, reports Euronews .
Scott Kelly, commander of the ISS, “At one time I thought that, maybe, the ISS should give any name, but we never were able to find consensus on this issue among all international partners. Therefore, today I already think that the International Space Station itself is a beautiful name. ”
Sam Scott Kelly, along with Russian Mikhail Korinenko – centenarians station. They are on the ISS since March and have to stay at the station a year to study the effect of weightlessness on the human psychology.
A total of 223 stations have already worked from 15 countries. Done 189 spacewalks. On a constant vigil on the orbit are international crew of six. Delivery of consumables and change crews conducted in 2011 by the Russian transport ship series “Progress” and “Union”. Over the years, the station it docked 44 manned spacecraft “Soyuz”, 61 cargo ship “Progress”, 37 American the shuttle Space Shuttle, five European cargo spacecraft ATV, five Japanese HTV and nine American cargo commercial ship Dragon and Cygnus, says Roskosmos.
15 years – the expected lifetime of the ISS in orbit
Earlier, reported , which for 15 years – a design life of the ISS orbit, but the resource allows stations to use it for much longer. In 2008, the Russian Space Agency said that the station can run up to 2020.
According to the ministry for 15 years, longer missions to the ISS station has changed: it has grown modules purpose – now there are 14. The amount of living space increased to 1000 cubic meters. meters, the total weight of the plant is about 411 tons. It is the largest engineering design, collected person ever orbit the Earth.
At the same time since the start of work long expedition to the ISS became much deeper knowledge of the person in the basic sciences in the field of practical application of the skills people live and work in weightlessness, in conditions of radiation and vacuum.
With the creation of the ISS the opportunity to perform scientific experiments in the unique conditions of microgravity, vacuum, and under the influence of cosmic radiation. Basic research – biology, physics and materials science.
In accordance with the long-term program of scientific and applied research and experiments, according to the Coordinating NTS Roskosmos, today the ISS implemented 56 experiments and 107 preparing to hold.
The main outcome of the life of the ISS – a unique experience of international cooperation and mutual support; construction and operation in low Earth orbit a large engineering structures, are crucial for the future of mankind, said Roscosmos.
ISS want to nominate for the Nobel Peace Prize
In the creation of the ISS involving 14 countries: the United States, Russia, Japan, Canada, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark Norway, France, Spain, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. The original participants were still Britain and Brazil, but then they came out of the project, reminds RIA “Novosti” .
The main uses of the ISS include basic biomedical research, production of high-tech materials and biological products, to study the behavior of the human body under conditions of prolonged space flight, basic research microgravity, astrophysics research, the study of the atmosphere and Earth’s surface in the interest of basic sciences and for practical purposes, the construction of large structures in space for a variety of research and interplanetary flights.
The head of NASA offered this year to put forward a draft ISS Nobel Peace Prize . Space experts support this idea. Station flight engineer cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko supported this idea and said that the station embodied the idea of cooperation of many countries, minds and technologies, RIA “Novosti”.
“I think he’s right at 100%. I think that rightness is that a lot of talk that the International Space Station is an example of international cooperation and joint efforts of various countries and the achievements of stay human in space, the union finance, intelligence and technology “- said Kononenko during the press conference” Moscow – ISS “on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the International Space Station.
“But from my point of view, the most important achievement – this is what people in the world sometimes can not see or hear each other, but here it is simply impossible. Here each and all depends on the success of the program, and often your life, so as an example of human relationships and the example of the work of people from different countries and of different nationalities – ISS is quite bright and very healthy example, so a very good initiative, and we will probably support it “- shared astronaut.
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