Russian carrier rocket “Soyuz-2.1a”. Dossier – TASS

TASS-DOSSIER / Inna Klimacheva /. March 24, 2016 from the Plesetsk cosmodrome launched a Russian carrier rocket “Soyuz-2.1a” with the satellite in the interests of the Russian Defense Ministry

“Soyuz-2.1a” -. Russian disposable space rocket. It is a modification (step modernization – 1a), a space rocket “Soyuz-2″, which was established in the mid-1990s. on the “Union-U” basis (in operation since 1973.).

Designed and manufactured Rocket and Space Center “Progress” (RCC “Progress”, Samara).

Designed for launches of various spacecraft, including warships and military satellites.

Features

It is a three-stage launch vehicle of the middle class.

The length – 46.3 m, diameter – 10.3 m, the starting weight – 312 T.

the first and second stages are installed liquid rocket engines RD-107A and RD-108A development NPO Energomash named. Academician VP Glushko (Khimki, Moscow region.), The third – four-chamber RD-0110 Chemical Automatics Design Bureau (Voronezh). The engines run on kerosene (oxidizer – liquid oxygen)

The basis of the control system -. Digital computer “Malachite-3″ automatic NPO. ON. . Semikhatova (Ekaterinburg)

In the media space fairing diameter of 2.7 may be applied; 3; 3.3; 3,715 or 4.11 m.

Launching and incidents

Launches are conducted from Plesetsk (Arkhangelsk region.) And Baikonur (Kazakhstan).

“Soyuz-2.1a” can be used for launching spacecraft, both independently and with the upper stage “Fregat” NPO. SA Lavochkin (Khimki Moscow Region.) And “Volga” (RCC “Progress”). So, the rocket fairing with a diameter of 3,715 m can take a payload of 5.9 to 6.83 m at the start from Plesetsk and from 5.5 to 7.02 m – from Baikonur. In combination with boosters conclusion spacecraft is possible on all types of orbits -. Low, medium and highly-, sun-synchronous, geosynchronous transfer and geostationary

The first test was done suborbital launch November 8, 2004 from Plesetsk with the layout space apparatus. The first working launch took place October 19, 2006 from Baikonur: the rocket with the block “Frigate” brought into space a European weather satellite MetOp-A ( “Metop-A”)

May 21, 2009 with the missile unit. “Frigate” brought a satellite into an unplanned orbit from Plesetsk at startup “Meridian”. However, the device was lost and has been used for other purposes

Launched October 29, 2014 from Baikonur “Soyuz-2.1a” for the first time brought the ship into space -. Automatic cargo “Progress M-25M”

The second launch of a cargo ship, April 28, 2015 from Baikonur failed. The rocket failed to bring the desired orbit “Progress M-27M”. May 8 ship uncontrollably descended from orbit and burned up in the atmosphere and its fragments fell into the Pacific Ocean. The reason – an unintended separation of the third stage of “Union” with “progress.” for the accident investigation, the Commission found that the incident occurred due to depressurization of the rocket tanks with the oxidizer and fuel. By this resulted in deficiencies in the development work on the joint use missiles and ship

Total to March 24, 2016 launch of 21 (12 of them – with “Fregat” upper stage) – was carried out. 19 successful, one partially successful (with the “frigate”) and one bad. During the previous run December 21, 2015 launched from Baikonur rocket placed into orbit cargo ship new modification “Progress MS-01″ with 2.4 tons of cargo to the International Space Station.

December 28, 2015 at a meeting of the state commission for conducting the flight test launch vehicles spacecraft was decided on completion of the flight test rocket “Soyuz-2.1a” and transfer it into a full-time operation.

Vista

in the future, “Soyuz-2.1a” will start from the cosmodrome “East”, which is being built in the Amur region. To this end, the rocket will improve the management system. First start with the “East” is scheduled for April 2016 – with the missile unit “Volga” will orbit satellites University “Lomonosov” (manufactured by the Moscow Corporation VNIIEM commissioned Lomonosov Moscow State University.) “Aist-2D” ( RCC “Progress”, the customer -.. Samara State Aerospace University named after academician SP Korolev Samara State Aerospace University), and nano-satellite SamSat-218 ( “SUNSAT-218″, Samara State Aerospace University)

the possibility of translation in this space media launch of “Soyuz” manned spacecraft (c 2001 displays “Union-FG” from Baikonur). Russian Federal Space Program for 2016-2025 years. (Approved by the Russian Federation March 17, 2016, the Government) provides for the use of the carrier rocket in 2021-2024 gg. to launch new manned spacecraft “Soyuz MS.” Additionally, using the “Union 2.1a” in the 2016-2025′s. will be put into orbit a new cargo ships “Progress MS” .0sau.