Biologists have learned that the seasonal changes in bowel brown bears microflora help them cope with the difficulties of the winter, writes Cell Reports magazine. Scientists conducted an analysis of feces 16 bears. And they were found microbes that are responsible for the “growth” of fat in the summer and “burning” in the winter.
The microbes responsible for the “increase” in the fat of bears in the summer and “burning” in the winter time. Scientists have found that seasonal changes in the intestinal microflora of brown bears to help them cope with the difficulties of the winter, the newspaper notes rsute.ru. The study is published in the journal Cell Reports.
The researchers analyzed 16 feces bears and found in them the germs that are responsible for the “growth” of fat in the summer and “burning” in the winter. Lead author Fredrik Bekhed from Gothenburg University in Sweden said that the seasonal changes in the intestinal microflora of brown bears came as no surprise to scientists. However, it was during this study, the researchers first realized the role played by microbes in the metabolism of animals during hibernation.
Scientists have also introduced the bacteria from feces bears, mice, grown in sterile conditions. In the mouse result that bacteria from the “summer” feces bears got better faster than mice that received bacteria from the “winter” Bears feces were introduced.
For the study were required samples of feces of wild bears, and then scientists have helped . volunteers from the Scandinavian “Project for the study of brown bears»
This task demanded specialists. wake the sleeping bear and take his stool sample – it is not of the easiest
«in winter, they leave in the woods, find a bear den, shoot him a tranquilizer, and collect samples, “- said the professor. “Then they put on a bear radio-collar and released him. He goes back to sleep, and then wake up only in the spring. »
radioosheynik here are extremely important because they enable scientists to find the same bear in the summer, in the woods and collect samples of his summer feces.
Scientists have not only found an interesting change in the bacterial population in the bear intestines, which in many respects is similar to what happens in the gut squirrels and hamsters, but also experienced the bacterial population in the sterile mice.
«it comes to mice that were born and raised in complete isolation from the environment, and never faced with any bacteria, “- explains professor Bekhed
Accordingly, when the researchers implanted these mice alien bacteria, they know. that no other bacteria in the body of the mouse is not.
«We have found that if the mice implanted summer bear microbiota, they fatten more than mice that received winter bear microbiota».
Moreover, just as bears, which in summer are increasing their body fat, the mice with the summer bearish bacteria were “metabolically healthy».
«Although their fat mass increased, it had no impact on their stability glucose “, – says professor Bekhed
in other words, obesity had no effect on their production of insulin, and people is the changes in the level of insulin due to obesity leads to diabetes
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