Scientists from Novosibirsk detect cancer unit on the basis of Breathalyzer – Moskovsky Komsomolets

The new device detects substances in the body that can cause cancers and other serious diseases

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Experts Novosibirsk Institute of Semiconductor Physics (IPP) SB RAS to create a device for the detection of substances in the body markers of cancer and other serious diseases, such as hepatitis B and C, it can also be used in other areas, for example, to search for explosives or drugs.

Photo: Gennady Cherkasov

The tester identifies substances in the body of the patient markers of cancer and other serious diseases. The sensitivity of the development of Novosibirsk scientists is such that it is able to detect even a few molecules of the disease markers in blood, saliva and samples of human tissue.

«You can register to exhale as in alkotestere. The instrument will show that you breathe, so you can diagnose lung cancer”, – explained Vladimir Popov representatives tass.ru.

Popov said that the technology can be used to detect various substances in very low concentration, for example, several molecules of cancer marker substance in a milliliter of blood. This is especially important in the early stages of the disease, when the tumor has not yet developed, and detect the disease by conventional methods will not work.

In this method, the diagnosis can be varied – depending on the configuration, the device can detect the presence of various substances in saliva, blood samples of other human tissues.

In addition to cancer, the technology to diagnose other diseases, such as hepatitis B and C, and can also be used in other areas, for example, to search for explosives or drugs.

The new technology allows you to use the device to work in the most sensitive range, so-called “sub-threshold”. Development is ready for implementation in production.

Earlier, the head of “RUSNANO” Anatoly Chubais at a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin said that in Novosibirsk planned to build a center of very early diagnosis of cancer and cardiovascular diseases by analogy with Ufa, notes sib.fm. Recently, a Novosibirsk biotechnology company developed a method for diagnosing cancer at the very early stages of a few hours. The advantage of this method is that the analysis can be carried out with conventional equipment, which is in most clinics.

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is expected that over the next 20 years the number of new cases will increase by about 70%. About one-third of cancer deaths are caused by five major risk factors that are associated with the behavior and nutrition, such as high body mass index, inadequate intake of fruit and vegetables, physical inactivity, tobacco use and alcohol consumption.

Tobacco use is the most significant risk factor for cancer, leading to nearly 20% of global cancer deaths and about 70% of global deaths from lung cancer, informs who.int. Infections that cause cancer, such as HBV / HCV and HPV, cause 20% of cancer deaths in low- and middle-income countries. Over 60% of new cancer cases registered in Africa, Asia and Central and South America. In these regions occurs 70% of all cancer deaths.

Cancer – a generic term for a large group of diseases that can affect any part of the body. Other terms used are malignant tumors and neoplasms. A characteristic feature of cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries, and which can invade adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs. This process is called metastasis. Metastases are the major cause of death from cancer.

The main types of cancer are:

lung cancer – 1.59 million deaths (2012);

liver cancer – 745,000 deaths;

stomach cancer – 723,000 deaths;

colon cancer – 694 000 deaths;

Breast Cancer – 521 000 death;

esophageal cancer – 400,000 deaths.

With early detection and treatment of cancer mortality from this disease can be reduced. There are two methods for early detection of cancer. Awareness of the early signs and symptoms (for these types of cancer, skin cancer, cervical, breast, rectum or mouth) allows access to diagnosis and treatment in the early stages. Early diagnosis is particularly important where there are no effective screening methods or measures are being taken for screening and treatment, for example, in many countries with limited resources. In the absence of any measures for the early detection or screening and treatment of the disease patients are diagnosed at a very late stage when curative treatment is no longer can help.

The purpose of screening is to identify people with impairments, suggest any specific cancer or precancer, and the fast direction of such people to diagnose and treat. Screening programs are particularly effective for common types of cancer for which there are cost-effective, affordable, acceptable and affordable for the majority of the population at risk, screening tests.

Examples of screening methods:

visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) to detect cervical cancer in resource-limited settings;

HPV testing for cervical cancer;

Pap test cervical cancer in middle- and high-income countries;

mammography to detect breast cancer in high-income countries.