Scientists: solved the greatest mystery of the universe – how life began on Earth – Commander

The first organic cells that are formed in the warm oceans of the Earth, had specific RNA and proteins. With this composition of the molecules build complex type could not be held. These data are presented in a new article about the origin of life on our planet in the edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, RIA Novosti reported .

According to American scientists, the first living cells on Earth contained a not only ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins. “We believe that life on the early Earth was a world of proteins and RNA, and not just the RNA world”, – said Charles Carter of the University of North Carolina (USA). According to experts, RNA, probably could not “act” alone, assistant spoke protein enzymes that allow the RNA to correctly read the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins. A few years ago, experts around the world were sure that first appeared on Earth living organisms did not have DNA. It was replaced with the RNA and proteins.

The latter soon took control position of the body – have a majority to lead the ongoing processes in the human body. DNA appeared soon turned into gatekeepers of information. The theory of this is described in detail his work Charles Carter. A new study showed a different order of events. After the discovery of new facts, some American experts in the field of biology was the attempt to recreate the process of origin of humanity in a laboratory. For this, they conducted experiments with RNA. As a result, it became clear that the proteins showed instability.

The experiment showed that proteins can fold on the same principle as in the warm water, and at 100 degrees Celsius, which suggests the possibility of their existence hot primary Earth’s oceans. Even after some time began to operate cellular processes proteins and the role of the bank of genetic information taken DNA. This was a significant step forward to the beginning of the use of complex three-dimensional protein structures, causing life now acquired an existing image. This result suggests that proteins could exist in the hot early Earth’s oceans.

This is confirmed by scientists have found in the transport RNA molecules, which deliver amino acids to build proteins in the center of the > cell. It turned out that RNA has two selection systems relevant amino acid, one selects the desired size of the molecules and the other selects those well to repel water. The availability of these systems suggests that the evolution of proteins was in two phases, with the origin of life.

According to the authors, they were able to find the most “missing link”, which was an intermediate step between the formation of amino acids of the primary chemical elements and folding them difficult ribonucleic acids. The formation of protein molecules is quite simple compared with the formation of RNA and its realism Vulfendenom proved by the example of the study of 20 amino acids.

ribonucleic acid (RNA) – one of the three major macromolecules (the other two – DNA and proteins) contained in the cells of all living organisms.

Just as DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA consisting of a long chain in which each unit is called a nucleotide. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar and a phosphate group. Sequence allows the RNA nucleotides encode genetic information. All cellular organisms use RNA (mRNA) for programming the synthesis of proteins.

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